Start Your Own Business or Grow an Existing One

Hundreds of step-by-step video tutorials and tools show you how to find profitable markets, get product ideas, source the best products to sell, build profitable websites easily, and drive qualified traffic. Plus, discover how to outsource it all.

Everything you need to start or grow your own highly profitable web business — regardless of size or model.

  • 1,000s of ready-to-sell products
  • Ideal for any skill level or business
  • Learn anywhere, anytime, 24/7
  • Use it risk-free for a full 30 days

Want More? Click Here For Details »


P.S.: Don't Forget to Include This in Your Copy

P.S.: Don't Forget to Include This in Your Copy

PostscriptOne of the most ven­er­a­ble and com­mon ele­ments of good saleslet­ters, fol­low­ing the head­line, is the post­script or “P.S.” at the end.

The end of every great sales let­ter should be capped with a strong P.S. We are often told that the P.S. is the sec­ond most read part of a saleslet­ter, because after read­ing the head­line many peo­ple tend to scroll or jump to the bottom.

It’s like the “sec­ond head­line,” so to speak.

This is par­tic­u­larly true when we know that most peo­ple tend to read the head­line or the “Dear Friend” salu­ta­tion, then turn to the clos­ing of the let­ter to see who signed it or who is it from. Partly out of curios­ity. Partly to jus­tify read­ing it in the first place.

Includ­ing a P.S. in your copy may not always be nec­es­sary. I’ve seen some great, proven saleslet­ters that did not have any post­scripts at all. But if you do include one, don’t add it just for the sake of adding one. Make sure it does the job.

In fact, you shouldn’t use a P.S. the way it’s sup­posed to be used…

In tra­di­tional let­ter writ­ing, a P.S. is an after­thought. An addi­tional, inci­den­tal, or for­got­ten piece of infor­ma­tion. Hence the mean­ing of the word “post script,” as in, “after writing.”

And the rea­son it exists is because, in the old days of hand­writ­ten or type­writ­ten let­ters, where you couldn’t go back to edit their let­ter or insert new pieces of infor­ma­tion, the P.S. would allow the author to add final bits of infor­ma­tion after the let­ter was finished.

Back then, we did not have the lux­ury of real-​​time edit­ing or cor­rec­tion fluid as we do today, so adding a P.S. was com­mon prac­tice. Now, it is no longer necessary.

But saleslet­ters keep using them, and they work extremely well, in large part because they look more per­sonal and infor­mal, and less like a pro­fes­sional, for­mal sales pitch.

How­ever, with saleslet­ters, a post­script is not really a place to intro­duce new pieces of infor­ma­tion — unless those pieces are sup­ported or dis­cussed in the let­ter, or meant to arouse curios­ity, forc­ing the reader back into the copy.

But it is a per­fect tool to get the reader to take action.

As the last oppor­tu­nity to con­vert your reader into a buyer, the P.S. is a final state­ment that sup­ports the copy that came before, reminds or rein­forces an under­ly­ing prin­ci­ple of the let­ter, or empha­sizes the need to take action quickly.

To that end, it can be a great place for adding new, undis­closed infor­ma­tion, such as a few sur­prises or twists, in order to clinch the deal. (I’ll come back to this in a moment.)

But the eas­i­est and most com­mon use for a P.S. is to pro­vide a brief sum­mary of the let­ter, reit­er­ate its main pur­pose or objec­tive, or restate any of its key points, such as the big idea, the com­pelling promise, the major ben­e­fits, or the call to action.

This fol­lows with the three major steps in deliv­er­ing pre­sen­ta­tions. And what is a sales let­ter at its core but a writ­ten pre­sen­ta­tion? As a refresher, the three major steps are:

  1. Tell them what you’re going to tell them.
  2. Tell them.
  3. Tell them what you told them.

Your P.S. can be part of that impor­tant final step.

Specif­i­cally, you’ve already told them every­thing in your sales let­ter, espe­cially if it’s long copy. Now it’s time to choose the one aspect you believe is most likely to be hold­ing them back from buy­ing after read­ing all the way through, and to resolve it.

A strong P.S. does not beg, but rather invites the reader to take the final step before pur­chas­ing. It’s a strong and clear state­ment that con­tains the final call to action.

You can use the P.S. to recap the entirety of your offer. Tell them again what your offer includes, list the impor­tant ben­e­fits, add up the dol­lar value (includ­ing the value of your bonuses), and out­line the extras to rein­force the value of the offer.

An effec­tive tech­nique is to restate your head­line, or some­thing impor­tant you’ve expressed in the head­line. You won’t nec­es­sar­ily copy the head­line ver­ba­tim, but present the same infor­ma­tion but para­phrase it in a benefit-​​driven manner.

For exam­ple, your head­line says:

“The Acci­den­tal Weight-​​Loss Dis­cov­ery of a Jug­gling Career Mom Who Lost Six Inches of Baby Fat Around Her Waist­line With­out Any Exer­cise of Diets — In Just a Few Weeks!”

The post­script can then say:

P.S.: If you’re a career mom or about to become one, and you’re con­cerned about unwanted, stub­born baby fat, then this prod­uct is per­fect for you. Imag­ine turn­ing heads as you melt away those few extra inches amaz­ingly fast — in just a few short weeks! — while avoid­ing exer­cises or diets you don’t have time for, anyway.”

Also, using the “oh, by the way” approach is an effec­tive one. This resem­bles the orig­i­nal pur­pose of a P.S., since it is indeed intended to be an after­thought or an impor­tant piece of infor­ma­tion one has for­got­ten to men­tion after the let­ter was written.

That’s why they are per­fect places, not only to add addi­tional infor­ma­tion we failed to include in our let­ter, but also to use this seem­ingly acci­den­tal omis­sion to high­light a spe­cific piece of infor­ma­tion we want our reader to remem­ber, absorb, and appreciate.

So while you can use a post­script to restate the pri­mary ben­e­fit of your prod­uct or ser­vice, you can also use it to intro­duce a com­pletely new sur­prise ben­e­fit — such as one or more spe­cial, “last-​​minute” bonuses you are includ­ing with your offer.

Thus, a P.S. is a great way to strengthen the offer and “sweeten the deal.”

How­ever, one of the most pow­er­ful P.S. tech­niques is to high­light the sense of urgency — either by cre­at­ing or increas­ing the scarcity fac­tor not men­tioned in the let­ter, or by restat­ing or empha­siz­ing it if one was already mentioned.

This way, the P.S. prompts the strag­gler to take imme­di­ate action, whether it’s buy­ing your offer now, or at least going back and read­ing the let­ter before it’s too late.

Nev­er­the­less, let’s not for­got the proof ele­ment. In fact, a post­script is a per­fect oppor­tu­nity to increase buyer con­fi­dence, reduce skep­ti­cism, and lower resistance.

At this point, you want to alle­vi­ate any lin­ger­ing doubts. Express­ing you under­stand your reader’s hes­i­tancy — espe­cially once they’ve read to that point but have yet to take action, which is a great indi­ca­tor — can be a bridge to over­com­ing their final objection.

Adding another proof ele­ment may be your cho­sen tac­tic in this case.

Per­son­ally, this is my favorite. I love using P.S.‘s to enhance the cred­i­bil­ity of my offer in some way, per­haps by includ­ing an addi­tional tes­ti­mo­nial or endorse­ment, or by adding or restat­ing the guar­an­tee. Per­haps a newer and even stronger guarantee.

What you are look­ing to do with your P.S. is iden­tify the one objec­tion you fore­see as being the key to hold­ing your reader back from order­ing. If you decide on using a tes­ti­mo­nial, then choose the one that inher­ently answers this lin­ger­ing objection.

To han­dle this objec­tion fur­ther, a post­script may be the place you repeat an impor­tant or unique aspect of your offer. Since this is what sets your prod­uct or ser­vice apart from every­thing else in the mar­ket, it may be impor­tant to point it out to your reader again.

How­ever, in doing so it’s best to para­phrase as to make it eas­ier for the reader to under­stand and truly appre­ci­ate its mean­ing, and make it appear less repetitive.

In other words, reword the orig­i­nal infor­ma­tion that was pre­vi­ously intro­duced as to specif­i­cally deal with the objec­tion. Ide­ally, it will be the last piece of the puz­zle your reader needs to push them over the fence and make the deci­sion to buy.

Finally, a proven tech­nique is to include more than one post­script (e.g., “P.P.S.” and “P.P.P.S.”), and using them with a vari­ety of dif­fer­ent meth­ods dis­cussed in this article.

If you decide on more than one P.S., then you should stick to three. Why? It’s because stud­ies and split-​​tests show that, in a triad of P.S.‘s, peo­ple tend to read, remem­ber, and respond to the sec­ond one more than they do the first and last ones.

In other words, include your biggest ben­e­fit, a major sell­ing point, or an ele­ment you want your read­ers to focus on the most in the sec­ond or mid­dle P.S.

Bot­tom line, try adding one to your saleslet­ter. As with all aspects of the sales let­ter that come before, you will have to exper­i­ment with your P.S. until it is just right. It can take a while to adjust the angle and the word­ing until it reaches the peak of effectiveness.

Though shorter and less intense than most other aspects of your sales let­ter, no less care should be taken with the craft­ing of this aspect. Con­sid­er­ing its posi­tion and pur­pose, it’s a fea­ture you don’t want to for­get to include in your sales copy.

About the Author

Last 5 Posts By Michel Fortin

Other Related Posts


Share
Category: Articles
This post was written on Wednesday, October 15th, 2008. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
Turn Words Into Cash

Turn Words Into Cash

New! Million-dollar influence and persuasion tactics so potent, if they were any more powerful the government would be forced to classify them as 'mind control'! Click for more »

  • Thanks Mike! Actually most of this is stuff I've heard ( I'm diving head deep into learning copy) but one thing that stuck out to me is what you said about using multiple PS. Specifically if you use more than one, make it 3 and make the middle one the hardest hitter...great stuff man! Thanks
  • Great to hear about the second of 3 PS's. I never could figure which the reader would pay the most attention too. Personally, I read the last (then again, I'm a bit off).
  • @Richard McLaughin - I don't think you're off. The last one, once you scroll right down, is indeed one everyone reads. But it's the 2nd one (the middle one) people remember and act upon the most.

    For example, we did tests where we included three tracking links -- one in each P.S. And the winner was the 2nd one. Whether they've read the 3rd or last one more, they seem to act on the 2nd one the most in split-tests.

    Funny, huh?
  • Mike,

    As I read your post, I recalled watching you a DVD of Yanik Silver's copywriting course: you said that either 1 or 3 P.S.'s was preferred. I think that you quoted Dan Kennedy when saying this.

    I was anticipating mentioning about the 3 PS's in this comment, but saw that you already covered that. What I didn't know was what you said about the second, or middle PS: that people read that more then the other 2.

    Thinking of what adding a PS? Allow me to offer something you should consider...

    It requires a bit of html knowledge, but I think it's worth it, and I'm actually doing it right now in my self-promotion letter.

    Basically, you have a link in your PS...BUT...you link is not an order link. It doesn't take them to the order page.

    In fact, it doesn't take them to any other page.

    But it's still a valid link.

    You know where it takes them?

    If you're aware of html, here's a clue: It has to do with the name attribute.

    Don't worry, I'll explain it all.

    This link takes them to a specific section of your sales page.

    That is, whereas most links take you to the TOP of a web page, where you scroll down, an name attribute takes you to a specific section.

    The section you pick is up to you. It can be 2/3rds of the way down your page, it can be where you state your offer, or, in my case, it'll be where my response form is. (There's no order page on my letter that's a separate page from the salespage. The response form functions the same as an order form would, and is part of my self-promotional letter.)

    This is great because instead of having to state every nitty gritty detail about something significant in your P.S. (which would defeat the purpose of a P.S.), your P.S. can effectively say, "Want to see exactly what's included with this offer? Click here to be taken to the list of everything that's included."

    If you keep in mind that you have to write your salesletters for two types of readers--the skimmers and the word-for-word readers, this will really help direct the skimmers to your most important part of your salesletter.

    Something to think about.
  • Oh...darnit!

    I said I'd explain it all to you, and I didn't tell you how to do it, so let me do that.

    It's quite simple.

    Let's say that the most important part of your salesletter is 2/3rd down the page. It doesn't matter where it is; what really matters is that you know what it is.

    Okay, so it's 2/3rds down the page, and in this case, it's the section where you display your certificate that qualifies you to be offering this product or service.

    What you do, in terms of html, is look in the html code, and find where your certificate starts. If it's an image, then locate the code, or line, for the image.

    Then, you place this line

    Text to be displayed

    above that line.

    So now, that line designates that your certificate is the specific part of that page you want people to see.

    The link you'd place in your PS would be in the format of


    Click here to see my certificate


    When they click on that link, they'll be taken right to your certificate (not the top of your letter).

    Hope this helps.
  • Great piece Michel.

    It caused me to go back and rework the PS statements on my last copy. Added a #3, and strengthen #2.

    John
  • @DK Fynn | Direct-Response Copywriter - Precisely, DK. It was a trick I learned from Dan Kennedy's famous "clicks on the dial" from his copywriting seminar. I went back to my biz and tested, which proved what he was saying.

    It's not necessarily so all the time. We've had higher clickthroughs on the first and the 3rd P.S. But the 2nd one was the highest overall.
  • @DK Fynn | Direct-Response Copywriter - DK, that is one extremely nifty trick. Thanks for bringing it up!
  • Great tips Michel.

    For many years I've used the last P.S. for extra testimonials that don't fit in the copy.

    In some cases I might have 20 or 30 testimonials at the end of the copy.

    The advantage of doing it this way is when your client gets a new testimonial you can just add it in without screwing up the flow of the copy.

    Kindest regards,
    Andrew Cavanagh
  • DK Fynn,

    That's a great tip. What you're essentially doing is an anchor tag right?

    I'm gonna have to try that on my next letter :)

    Also, one thing I'd like to add about the P.S. that I've learned is (in offline) not to put the price in there b/c often times people look at that after they read the headline. If they see the price, you haven't created the value yet and they'll think it's too much money and just click off w/o reading the offer.

    That's mostly for offline though - I don't think it's as big of a deal online.

    Jeremy Reeves
    www.controlbeatingcopy.com
  • @Michel Fortin - Well it might be funny, but your testing is interesting. I am going to have to try and see if I actually do the same myself. This will be hard, since I now know the answer :-)

    I appreciate the answer.
  • You have explained the idea so succintly - kudos!

    P.S. We should restate the offer and the guarantee in a lucid language.

    P.P.S. Remind the blog readers to buy Michel's service or at least treat him to a good coffee.

    P.P.P.S. Remind the blog readers to subscribe to the feed so that they can be alerted to new posts.
  • Michel,

    These are some great tips for improving sales letters. I have been in internet marketing just over a year and I still wrestle with sales letters even though I keep a swipe file.

    I'll have to make sure to include the P.S. in my next sales letter.

    Thank you,

    Jeff
  • Michel,

    This was an excellent article. I wonder if the same priciples apply to P.S statements in email copy.

    Any thoughts on that?
  • @Stu McLaren - I imagine the same principles apply, yes. But be careful... people scroll down to the end of an email and what they get is not necessarily the P.S. It's the unsubscribe link. So I think you can use a P.S. in the copy using the principles above, but not to get the reader back into the email. This is a guess, but I'm pretty confident I'm right.
  • Michel, I like the little idea you threw in there. A lot of what you are saying is what we have been told by you in your eBooks and so many others about closing the sale and call to action and reminding of key points. But you also suggested the P.S. as a possible way to arouse curiosity for all those people who skip the sales letter.

    "I the letter above, I mentioned three critical steps without which the entire process is doomed..."

    I'll need to sleep on that one. :-)
  • Hi Michel,

    Great post and I agree wholeheartedly. I have used this for both personal and business writing and it works wonders. With all the emails and letters we get for advertising in the mail many of us have turned into "skimmers". The PS is truly a great tool because it really is a second headline opportunity.

    Jeremy
  • Hi Michael,

    Thanks for sharing this post, I've always known about the importance of P.S. but have not been told about how to use P.S. properly. Your post has helped me to understand and better use the postscript in my emails and copy.

    Asher
  • Yes it can be used in an e-mail copy. In fact, any sentence placed alone at the end of the body will get clicks. Make sure your unsubscribe link is in the footer, and make sure the footer won't look as if it's part of the body.
  • Michael, have you tested this on the web?

    My feeling is that while the p.s. makes sense on paper, I don't know if the dynamics are the same on a scrolling web page.

    Personally, they do nothing for me, at least not on web based sales letters.

    But if you tell me they work just as well on the web, I'll take your word for it.
  • @Brian Killian - Read some of my comments in this comment thread, where I share some of my test results. The answer, in short, is "yes."
  • @Jeremy Reeves - Yes, it's essentially an anchor tag with matching name attributes in the appropriate places.
  • Thanks for really useful article. I will try to use this methods in my next newsletter.
blog comments powered by Disqus
Your First Copywriting Client In 14 Days Or Less

Your First Copywriting Client In 14 Days Or Less

New! Discover this copywriter's personal system for getting copywriting clients in as few as 14 days. It includes both online and offline marketing strategies. Click for more »