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Written by Michel Fortin

Use Of Samples

Claude HopkinsThe prod­uct itself should be its own best sales­man. Not the prod­uct alone, but the prod­uct plus a men­tal impres­sion, and atmos­phere, which you place around it. That being so, sam­ples are of prime impor­tance. How­ever expen­sive, they usu­ally form the cheap­est sell­ing method. A sales­man might as well go out with­out his sam­ple case as an advertiser.

Sam­pling does not apply to lit­tle things alone, like foods or pro­pri­etaries. It can be applied in some way to almost every thing. We have sam­pled cloth­ing. We are now sam­pling phono­graph records.

Sam­ples serve numer­ous valu­able pur­poses. They enable one to use the word “Free” in ads. That often mul­ti­plies read­ers. Most peo­ple want to learn about any offered gift. Tests often show that sam­ples pay for them­selves — per­haps sev­eral times over — in mul­ti­ply­ing the read­ers of your ads with­out addi­tional cost of space.

A sam­ple gets action. The reader of your ad may not be con­vinced to the point of buy­ing. But he is ready to learn more about the prod­uct that you offer. So he cuts out a coupon, lays it aside, and later mails it or presents it. With­out that coupon he would soon for­get. Then you have the name and address of an inter­ested prospect. You can start him using your prod­uct. You can give him fuller infor­ma­tion. You can fol­low him up.

That reader might not again read one of your ads in six months. Your impres­sion would be lost. But when he writes you, you have a chance to com­plete with that prospect all that can be done. In that sav­ing of waste the sam­ple pays for itself.

Some­times a small sam­ple is not a fair test. Then we may send an order on the dealer for a full-​​size pack­age. Or we may make the coupon good for a pack­age at the store. Thus we get a longer test.

You say that is expen­sive. So is it expen­sive to gain a prospects inter­est. It may cost you 50 cents to get the per­son to the point of writ­ing for a sam­ple. Don’t stop at 15 cents addi­tional to make that inter­est valuable.

Another way in which sam­ples pay is by key­ing your adver­tise­ments. They reg­is­ter the inter­est you cre­ate. Thus you can com­pare one with another ad, head­line, plan and method.

That means in any line an enor­mous sav­ings. The wis­est, most expe­ri­enced man can­not tell what will most appeal in any line of copy. With a key to guide you, your returns are very apt to cost you twice what they need cost. And we know that some ads on the same prod­uct will cost ten times what oth­ers cost. A sam­ple may pay for itself sev­eral times over by giv­ing you an accu­rate check.

Again sam­ples enable you to refer cus­tomers where they can be sup­plied. This is impor­tant before you attain gen­eral distribution.

Many adver­tis­ers lose much by being penny-​​wise. They are afraid of impo­si­tion, or they try to save pen­nies. That is why they ask ten cents for a sam­ple, or a stamp or two. Get­ting that dime may cost them from 40 cents to $1. That is, it may add that to the cost of replies. But it is remark­able how many will pay that addi­tion rather than offer a sam­ple free.

Putting a price on a sam­ple greatly retards replies. Then it pro­hibits you from using the word “Free,” as we have stated, will gen­er­ally more than pay for your samples.

For the same rea­son some adver­tis­ers say, “You buy one pack­age, we will buy the other.” Or they make a coupon good for part of the pur­chase price. Any keyed returns will clearly prove that such offers do not pay. Before a prospect is con­verted, it is approx­i­mately as hard to get half price for your arti­cle as to get the full price for it.

Bear in mind that you are the seller. You are the one court­ing inter­est. Then don’t make it dif­fi­cult to exhibit that inter­est. Don’t ask your prospects to pay for your sell­ing efforts. Three in four will refuse to pay — per­haps nine in ten.

Cost of requests for sam­ples dif­fer in every line. It depends on your breadth of appeal. Some things appeal to every­body, some to a small per­cent­age. One issue of the papers in Greater New York brought 1,460,000 requests for a can of evap­o­rated milk. On a choco­late drink, one-​​fifth the coupons pub­lished are pre­sented. Another line not widely used may bring a frac­tion of that number.

But the cost of inquiries is usu­ally enough to be impor­tant. Then don’t neglect them. Don’t stint your efforts with those you have half sold. An inquiry means that a prospect has read your story and is inter­ested. He or she would like to try your prod­uct and learn more about it. Do what you would do if that prospect stood before you.

Cost of inquiries depends largely on how they come. Ask­ing peo­ple to mail the coupon brings min­i­mum returns. Often four times as many will present that coupon for a sam­ple at the store.

On a line before the writer now, sam­ple inquiries obtained by mail aver­age 70 cents each. The same ads bring inquiries at from 18 cents to 22 cents each when the coupons are pre­sented at a local store.

Most peo­ple write few let­ters. Writ­ing is an effort. Per­haps they have no stamps in the house. Most peo­ple will pay car­fare to get a sam­ple rather than two cents postage. There­fore, it is always best, where pos­si­ble, to have sam­ples deliv­ered locally.

On one line three meth­ods were offered. The woman could write for a sam­ple, or tele­phone, or call at a store. Sev­enty per­cent of the inquiries came by tele­phone. The use of the tele­phone is more com­mon and con­ve­nient than the use of stamps.

Some­times it is not pos­si­ble to sup­ply all deal­ers with sam­ples. Then we refer peo­ple to some cen­tral stores. These stores are glad to have many peo­ple come there. And other deal­ers do not gen­er­ally object so long as they share in the sales.

It is impor­tant to have these deal­ers send you the coupons promptly. Then you can fol­low up the inquiries while their inter­est is fresh.

It is said that sam­ple users repeat. They do to some extent. But repeaters form a small per­cent­age. Fig­ure it in your cost.

Say to the woman, “Only one sam­ple to a home” and few women will try to get more of them. And the few who cheat you are not gen­er­ally the peo­ple who would buy. So you are not los­ing pur­chasers, but the sam­ples only.

On numer­ous lines we have for long offered full-​​sized pack­ages free. The pack­ages were priced at from 10 cents to 50 cents each. In cer­tain ter­ri­to­ries for a time we have checked up on repeaters. And we found the loss much less than the cost of checking.

In some lines sam­ples would be wasted on chil­dren, and they are most apt to get them. Then say in your coupon “adults only.” Chil­dren will not present such coupons, and they will rarely mail them in.

But one must be care­ful about pub­lish­ing coupons good for a full-​​size pack­age at any store. Some peo­ple, and even deal­ers, may buy up many papers. We do not announce the date of such offers. And we insert them in Sun­day papers, not so eas­ily bought up.

But we do not advo­cate sam­ples given out promis­cu­ously. Sam­ples dis­trib­uted to homes, like waifs on the doorsteps, prob­a­bly never pay. Many of them never reach the house or the house­wife. When they do, there is no pre­dic­tion for them. The prod­uct is cheap­ened. It is not intro­duced in a favor­able way.

So with demon­stra­tions in stores. There is always a way to get the same results at a frac­tion of the cost.

Many adver­tis­ers do not under­stand this. They sup­ply thou­sands of sam­ples to deal­ers to be handed out as they will. Could a trace be placed on the cost of returns, the adver­tiser would be stunned.

Give sam­ples to inter­ested peo­ple only. Give them only to peo­ple who exhibit that inter­est by some effort. Give them only to peo­ple whom you have told your story. First cre­ate an atmos­phere of respect, a desire, an expec­ta­tion. When peo­ple are in that mood, your sam­ple will usu­ally con­firm the qual­i­ties you claim.

Here again comes the advan­tage of fig­ur­ing cost per cus­tomer. That is the only way to gauge adver­tis­ing. Sam­ples some­times seem to dou­ble adver­tis­ing cost. They often cost more than the adver­tis­ing. Yet, rightly used, they almost invari­ably form the cheap­est way to get cus­tomers. And that is what you want.

The argu­ment against sam­ples are usu­ally biased. They may come from adver­tis­ing agents who like to see all the adver­tis­ing money spent in print. Answer such argu­ments by tests. Try some towns with them, some with­out. Where sam­ples are effec­tively employed, we rarely find a line where they do not lessen the cost per customer.

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Last 5 Posts By Michel Fortin

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